Defect or Bug or Fault: A flaw in a component or system that can cause the component or system to fail to perform its required function, e.g. an incorrect statement or data definition. A defect, if encountered during execution, may cause a failure of the component or system.
Error or Mistake: A human action that produces an incorrect result.
Fail: A test is deemed to fail if its actual result does not match its expected result.
Failure: Deviation of the component or system from its expected delivery, service or result.
If someone makes an error or mistake in using the software, this may lead directly to a problem - the software is used incorrectly and so does not behave as we expected. However, people also design and build the software and they can make mistakes during the design and build. These mistakes mean that there are flaws in the software itself. These are called defects or sometimes bugs or faults. Remember, the software is not just the code; check the definition of soft-ware again to remind yourself.
When the software code has been built, it is executed and then any defects may cause the system to fail to do what it should do (or do something it shouldn't), causing a failure. Not all defects result in failures; some stay dormant in the code and we may never notice them.
*ISTQB Glossary
середа, 2 лютого 2011 р.
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